December, 18th in History

[Spiritus Temporis]

Events

Wednesday 18, 2002:
California Governor Gray Davis announces that the state would face a record budget deficit of $35 billion, roughly double the figure reported during his reelection campaign one month earlier; the budget issue was used to support his 2003 recall from office.

Thursday 18, 1997:
HTML 4.0 is released by the World Wide Web Consortium

Wednesday 18, 1996:
"Ebonics" was declared a language or dialect by the outgoing school board of Oakland, California, whose vote was overturned by the incoming board.

Tuesday 18, 1973:
The Soyuz 13 was launched.

Thursday 18, 1969:
Capital punishment is ended in the United Kingdom

Sunday 18, 1966:
Saturn's moon Epimetheus is discovered by Richard L. Walker, and then lost for 12 years

Saturday 18, 1965:
Japan and South Korea begin formal relations

Monday 18, 1961:
Indonesia invades New Guinea to annex western New Guinea, formerly known as Netherlands New Guinea.

Thursday 18, 1958:
Niger becomes an autonomous state within the French Community on December 4, 1958, after the establishment of the Fifth French Republic. Following full independence on August 3, 1960, however, membership was allowed to lapse.

Saturday 18, 1926:
The Makropulos Affair, an opera by the Czech composer Leoš Janáček, premieres in Brno, the Czech Republic.

Monday 18, 1916:
The Battle of Verdun ends in World War I

Wednesday 18, 1912:
Piltdown Man is "discovered"

Tuesday 18, 1894:
Women in South Australia become the first in Australia to gain the right to vote and to be elected to Parliament.

Monday 18, 1865:
Slavery is abolished in the United States, with the passing of the 13th Amendment

Tuesday 18, 1787:
New Jersey becomes the third state to ratify the United States Constitution

Wednesday 18, 1776:
North Carolina's Constitution is ratified.

Thursday 18, 1642:
Abel Tasman lands at Mohua Golden Bay becoming the first European in New Zealand.

Monday 18, 1352:
Innocent VI is elected Pope.

Thursday 18, -218:
Battle of the Trebia, Hannibal's first great victory over the Roman Republic.

Source: http://www.spiritus-temporis.com/18-december/on-this-day.html


People born on December 18

1987:
Miki Ando, Japanese figure skater (b: December 18, 1987) (Biography of Miki Ando)

1980:
Christina Aguilera, American singer (b: December 18, 1980) (Biography of Christina Aguilera)

1978:
Katie Holmes, American actress (b: December 18, 1978) (Biography of Katie Holmes)

1976:
Koyuki, Japanese actress and model (b: December 18, 1976) (Biography of Koyuki)

1975:
Trish Stratus, Canadian professional wrestler (b: December 18, 1975) (Biography of Trish Stratus)

1974:
Peter Boulware, American football player (b: December 18, 1974) (Biography of Peter Boulware)

1973:
Raymond Herrera, American drummer (Fear Factory) (b: December 18, 1973) (Biography of Raymond Herrera)

1972:
DJ Lethal, American musician (Limp Bizkit) (b: December 18, 1972) (Biography of DJ Lethal)

1971:
Arantxa Sánchez Vicario, Spanish tennis player (b: December 18, 1971) (Biography of Arantxa Sánchez Vicario)

1970:
Cowboy Troy, American rapper (b: December 18, 1970) (Biography of Cowboy Troy)
DMX, American rapper (b: December 18, 1970) (Biography of DMX (rapper))
Miles Marshall Lewis, American author (b: December 18, 1970) (Biography of Miles Marshall Lewis)

1964:
Steve Austin, American professional wrestler (b: December 18, 1964) (Biography of Stone Cold Steve Austin)
Don Beebe, American football player (b: December 18, 1964) (Biography of Don Beebe)

1963:
Brad Pitt, American actor (b: December 18, 1963) (Biography of Brad Pitt)
Karl Dorrell, American football coach (b: December 18, 1963) (Biography of Karl Dorrell)

1961:
Brian Orser, Canadian figure skater (b: December 18, 1961) (Biography of Brian Orser)

1960:
Kazuhide Uekusa, Japanese economist (b: December 18, 1960) (Biography of Kazuhide Uekusa)

1956:
Ron White, American comedian (b: December 18, 1956) (Biography of Ron White)

1955:
Ray Liotta, American actor (b: December 18, 1955) (Biography of Ray Liotta)

1950:
Gillian Armstrong, Australian film director (b: December 18, 1950) (Biography of Gillian Armstrong)
Leonard Maltin, American film critic (b: December 18, 1950) (Biography of Leonard Maltin)

1948:
Bill Nelson, English musician and artist (b: December 18, 1948) (Biography of Bill Nelson (musician))

1946:
Steve Biko, South African anti-apartheid activist (b: December 18, 1946 ; d: September 12, 1977) (Biography of Steve Biko)
Steven Spielberg, American film director (b: December 18, 1946) (Biography of Steven Spielberg)

1943:
Keith Richards, British guitarist (the Rolling Stones) (b: December 18, 1943) (Biography of Keith Richards)

1939:
Michael Moorcock, British author (b: December 18, 1939) (Biography of Michael Moorcock)

1934:
Boris Volynov, cosmonaut (b: December 18, 1934) (Biography of Boris Volynov)

1928:
Józef Glemp, Polish cardinal (b: December 18, 1928) (Biography of Józef Glemp)

1927:
Ramsey Clark, U.S. Attorney General (b: December 18, 1927) (Biography of Ramsey Clark)

1917:
Ossie Davis, American actor (b: December 18, 1917 ; d: February 4, 2005) (Biography of Ossie Davis)

1916:
Betty Grable, American actress (b: December 18, 1916 ; d: July 2, 1973) (Biography of Betty Grable)

1913:
Willy Brandt, Chancellor of Germany, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b: December 18, 1913 ; d: October 8, 1992) (Biography of Willy Brandt)
Alfred Bester, American author (b: December 18, 1913) (Biography of Alfred Bester (author))

1912:
Benjamin O. Davis Jr., American general (b: December 18, 1912 ; d: July 4, 2002) (Biography of Benjamin O. Davis Jr.)

1904:
George Stevens, American director (b: December 18, 1904 ; d: March 8, 1975) (Biography of George Stevens)

1897:
Fletcher Henderson, American musician (b: December 18, 1897 ; d: December 28, 1952) (Biography of Fletcher Henderson)

1890:
Edwin Armstrong, American inventor (b: December 18, 1890 ; d: March 31, 1954) (Biography of Edwin Armstrong)

1888:
Robert Moses, American public works official (b: December 18, 1888 ; d: July 29, 1981) (Biography of Robert Moses)
Gladys Cooper, English actress (b: December 18, 1888) (Biography of Gladys Cooper)

1886:
Ty Cobb, baseball player (b: December 18, 1886 ; d: July 17, 1961) (Biography of Ty Cobb)

1879:
Paul Klee, Swiss painter and graphic artist (b: December 18, 1879 ; d: June 29, 1940) (Biography of Paul Klee)

1873:
Francis Burton Harrison, American political figure (b: December 18, 1873 ; d: November 21, 1957) (Biography of Francis Burton Harrison)

1870:
Saki, British writer (b: December 18, 1870 ; d: November 14, 1916) (Biography of Saki)

1863:
Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria (b: December 18, 1863 ; d: June 28, 1914) (Biography of Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria)

1856:
J.J. Thomson, English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b: December 18, 1856 ; d: August 30, 1940) (Biography of J.J. Thomson)

1847:
Augusta Holmès, French composer (b: December 18, 1847 ; d: January 28, 1903) (Biography of Augusta Holmès)

1835:
Lyman Abbott, American author (b: December 18, 1835) (Biography of Lyman Abbott)

1786:
Carl Maria von Weber, German composer (b: December 18, 1786) (Biography of Carl Maria von Weber)

1662:
James Douglas, 2nd Duke of Queensberry, Scottish politician (b: December 18, 1662 ; d: July 6, 1711) (Biography of James Douglas, 2nd Duke of Queensberry)

1661:
Christopher Polhem, Swedish scientist and inventor (b: December 18, 1661 ; d: August 30, 1751) (Biography of Christopher Polhem)

1626:
Queen Christina of Sweden (b: December 18, 1626 ; d: April 19, 1689) (Biography of Christina of Sweden)

1620:
Heinrich Roth, German Sanskrit scholar (b: December 18, 1620 ; d: June 20, 1668) (Biography of Heinrich Roth)

1610:
Charles du Fresne, sieur du Cange, French philologist (b: December 18, 1610 ; d: October 23, 1688) (Biography of Charles du Fresne, sieur du Cange)

1602:
Simonds d'Ewes, English antiquarian and politician (b: December 18, 1602 ; d: April 18, 1650) (Biography of Simonds d'Ewes)

1507:
Ouchi Yoshitaka, Japanese warlord (b: December 18, 1507 ; d: September 30, 1551) (Biography of Ouchi Yoshitaka)

Source: http://www.spiritus-temporis.com/18-december/births.html

[Spiritus Temporis]

They left us on December 18

2004:
Anthony Sampson, British journalist and biographer (b: August 3, 1926 ; d: December 18, 2004) (Biography of Anthony Sampson)

2002:
Ray Hnatyshyn, Governor-General of Canada (b: March 16, 1934 ; d: December 18, 2002) (Biography of Ray Hnatyshyn)

2001:
Gilbert Bécaud (d: December 18, 2001) (Biography of Gilbert Bécaud)

2000:
Kirsty MacColl, British singer and songwriter (b: October 10, 1959 ; d: December 18, 2000) (Biography of Kirsty MacColl)

1999:
Robert Bresson (d: December 18, 1999) (Biography of Robert Bresson)

1998:
Lev Demin, cosmonaut (b: January 11, 1926 ; d: December 18, 1998) (Biography of Lev Demin)

1997:
Chris Farley, American actor and comedian (b: February 15, 1964 ; d: December 18, 1997) (Biography of Chris Farley)

1995:
Konrad Zuse, German engineer (b: June 22, 1910 ; d: December 18, 1995) (Biography of Konrad Zuse)

1994:
Roger Apéry, French mathematician (b: November 14, 1916 ; d: December 18, 1994) (Biography of Roger Apéry)

1993:
Sam Wanamaker, American actor (b: June 14, 1919 ; d: December 18, 1993) (Biography of Sam Wanamaker)

1992:
Mark Goodson, American game show producer (b: January 14, 1915 ; d: December 18, 1992) (Biography of Mark Goodson)

1991:
George Abecassis, English race car driver (b: March 21, 1913 ; d: December 18, 1991) (Biography of George Abecassis)

1990:
Paul Tortelier (d: December 18, 1990) (Biography of Paul Tortelier)

1982:
Hans-Ulrich Rudel, German pilot (b: July 2, 1916 ; d: December 18, 1982) (Biography of Hans-Ulrich Rudel)

1980:
Alexei Kosygin, Premier of the Soviet Union (b: February 20, 1904 ; d: December 18, 1980) (Biography of Alexei Kosygin)

1974:
Harry Hooper, baseball player (b: August 24, 1887 ; d: December 18, 1974) (Biography of Harry Hooper)

1971:
Bobby Jones (d: December 18, 1971) (Biography of Bobby Jones)

1936:
Andrija Mohorovičić, Croatian seismologist (b: January 23, 1857 ; d: December 18, 1936) (Biography of Andrija Mohorovicic)

1869:
Louis Moreau Gottschalk, American composer and pianist (b: May 8, 1829 ; d: December 18, 1869) (Biography of Louis Moreau Gottschalk)

1848:
Bernard Bolzano, Czech mathematician and philosopher (b: October 5, 1781 ; d: December 18, 1848) (Biography of Bernard Bolzano)

1843:
Thomas Graham, Lord Lynedoch (d: December 18, 1843) (Biography of Thomas Graham, Lord Lynedoch)

1803:
Johann Gottfried Herder, German writer (b: August 25, 1744 ; d: December 18, 1803) (Biography of Johann Gottfried Herder)

1787:
Soame Jenyns, English writer (b: January 1, 1704 ; d: December 18, 1787) (Biography of Soame Jenyns)

1737:
Antonio Stradivari (d: December 18, 1737) (Biography of Antonio Stradivari)

1692:
Veit Ludwig von Seckendorff, German statesman (b: December 20, 1626 ; d: December 18, 1692) (Biography of Veit Ludwig von Seckendorff)

1495:
King Alphonso II of Naples (b: November 4, 1448 ; d: December 18, 1495) (Biography of Alphonso II of Naples)

1290:
Magnus I of Sweden (d: December 18, 1290) (Biography of Magnus I of Sweden)

821:
Theodulf (d: December 18, 821) (Biography of Theodulf)

Source: http://www.spiritus-temporis.com/18-december/deaths.html